最後的成效顯示－正面的情感在淩晨高漲但跟著時候衰退，整周都維持同時的峰值－甚至世界各地皆然翻譯
“這些發現是令人興奮的，稀奇是正面影響逾越偉大的地輿及文化差別平常模組的不變性” 匹茲堡醫學大學的心理學者Brant Hasler說道，“一個系統化的正面情感平常模組是人類存有的根本部分”
細節由直覺看起來：正面感觸感染在淩晨到達高峰，然後從工作開始下落又起頭上升到一天竣事前；而負面感觸感染累積整周工作日然後到周五下晝消弭很多。但這些圖表顯示的其實難以測定。
------以下是小我心得------
Though the proposition that mood is governed by circadian and sleep cycles is widely accepted, other studies of mood fluctuations have found varying patterns翻譯社 especially for positivity: A single afternoon peak, a day-long plateau翻譯社 dual peaks at noon and evening or afternoon and evening翻譯社 a mid-afternoon dip. Those discrepancies may be based largely on factors eliminated by the new study.
By Brandon Keim September 29, 2011 | 2:30 pm | Categories: Brains and Behavior, Tech
Image: Golder et al./Science
許多關於情緒的研究－或是說更多技巧性地正面和負面影響－在個人調查中每分鐘分天都在改變，可能是非連貫的假如沒有騙人的話。這個研究的主體也有偏向西方還沒有卒業的學生，總而言之他們不大能算是人道的代表。
Twitter-Mining Captures Global Mood Patterns
以時候(X軸)及日期(色彩)排序，平均時刻轉變下，正面(上方圖表)及負面(下方圖表)的感化
Twitter users, of course翻譯社 don’t represent humanity either. But the culture- and globe-spanning size of the software platform’s community, and their constant generation of data that can be cross-referenced and correlated and otherwise computationally investigated翻譯社 make them alluring to researchers.
以上文章的翻譯小弟盡力了呀翻譯社或許會有點意思上的差異翻譯社可以對比一下灰色字的原文翻譯
The 140-character format itself might also be misleading, reducing the use of adjectives that would give more nuanced indicators of emotional tone, Hasler said.
“我向作者手藝的創意鼓掌，還有他們樣本數觀測的野心” Hasler說道。“目下當今我們需要從這個材料提出二個問題：為何這些平常模組會存在？還有我們如何應用這些知識去改良我們的生活或是其他方面？”
利用 Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count，一個文字闡發的程式可以為論述裡的字詞做定量闡發，
Hourly changes in average positive (top) and negative (bottom) affect, arrayed by time (X-axis) and day (color). (Golder et al./Science)
雖然情緒被晝夜變化和睡眠循環支配是普遍被接管的，其他情感波動的研究卻有相異成績，特別是正面情感： single afternoon peak, a day-long plateau, 在午時或薄暮出現高漲，或下午及晚上，下午三點左右下降．這些不一致也許是基於大部份新研究中被忽略的事實。
(翻譯)推特的資料探勘記載了全球情感模組
According to Golder, analysis of crowd-generated datasets isn’t intended to replace other methodologies翻譯社 but to complement them翻譯社 providing yet one more way of investigating social patterns. Until recently, “there hasn’t been any practical way to observe large numbers of people in fine-grained detail,” he said.
推特的資料探勘記載了全球情緒模組
Using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count翻譯社 a text analysis program that quantifies the emotional content of statements, Golder and co-author Michael Macy analyzed a total of 509 million tweets generated over two years by 2.4 million people in 84 countries.
- 周日是整周平均最佈滿正面情緒的一天，特別是周日上午達到岑嶺，但整周最開心的時辰是要接近午夜十二點前的周六（下一個最開心是周五，第三名才是周日）。
康乃爾大學的社會學者Scott Golder 說：“整個實驗室的工作變得很不肯定性”，推特研究的配合作者在科學期刊9月29日頒發“每一個研究關於他們在對主體的感觸感染水平都有些不一樣”
“I applaud the creativity of the authors’ methods翻譯社 and the ambitious scope of their sample翻譯社” said Hasler. “Now翻譯社 we need to address two questions that follow from this: Why do these daily patterns exist? And how can we use this knowledge to improve our own lives and those of others?”
一項從5億推特用戶過濾後的情緒模組研究，呈現出情感若何高漲到降低的聯貫性的文明尺度，跨越時候及世界各地翻譯
The resulting trends — positive moods starting high in the morning and declining through the day, peaking overall on weekends — held steady around the world.
- 中午到下戰書六點是正面情緒最降低的時候（我原以為午休時候會歡愉一點，但想一想這是西方的研究，他們並沒有午休時間）。
Golder說：“推特、臉書以及市場交易平台ebay、亞馬遜：這就是每天的生活”對於世界上大部份的人來說，“對於一個社會學者來說去處理這些數據是一個新奇的機遇”
按照Golder，人群引發的資料設定闡明不會庖代其他方式，而是變得更完全，假設還沒有其他社會模組的調查方式。直到近日，“還沒有任何實際的方式去觀查大規模人群的細部資料”翻譯
“There’s a whole generation of lab work that’s been inconclusive翻譯社” said sociologist Scott Golder of Cornell University, co-author of the tweet analysis published Sept. 29 in Science. “Every study would have something different to say about what they saw in their subjects’ affective rhythms.”
- 負面情感不停積累到過了半夜三點才會因為睡眠而快速下落（因為累了嗎？），但正面情緒從三鼓十二點就開始徐行降落。
By Brandon Keim September 29, 2011 | 2:30 pm | Categories: Brains and Behavior, Tech
“The findings are exciting, particularly the robustness of the daily patterns in positive affect across vastly different geographical areas and cultures翻譯社” said Brant Hasler翻譯社 a psychologist at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. “A systematic daily pattern of positive mood is a fundamental part of human existence.”
The details seem intuitive: positive feelings peaking in the morning翻譯社 dipping during work and rising at day’s end; negativity accumulated over the workweek dissipating late on Friday afternoon. But they’ve proved surprisingly tricky to measure.
Many studies of how moods — or, more technically, positive and negative affect — change from minute to minute and day to day rely on self-reported surveys, which can be inconsistent if not misleading. The subjects of these studies also tend to be undergraduate students from western colleges, a group that’s not always representative of humanity at large.
援用自“Diurnal and Seasonal Mood Vary with Work翻譯社 Sleep, and Daylength Across Diverse Cultures.”由 Scott A. Golder and Michael W. Macy所著於科學期刊2011.09.30翻譯社第333頁翻譯
http://www.wired.com/wiredscience/2011/09/twitter-global-mood/推特的利用者天經地義的也不克不及成為人道的代表。但推特的文化及全球化範圍的軟體平台的社群，和持續性的資料可以交互參照、幹系還有電腦數字化的調查，都對調查者來說具有吸引力。
Golder和配合作者Michael Macy闡明了二年來84個國度裡240萬人總共5億9百萬的推文。
但是， Hasler說道：“必然要非常地小心推斷情緒狀態，從一個高度相異的溝通模式下像是推特”人們常策略性的表達他們的想法，還有一種特殊的情愫也許過度或是不被表達出來。
Citation: “Diurnal and Seasonal Mood Vary with Work, Sleep, and Daylength Across Diverse Cultures.” By Scott A. Golder and Michael W. Macy. Science, Vol. 333, September 30, 2011.
這篇報道是說，由Scott A. Golder and Michael W. Macy所寫的研究報告出現的圖表有很大的樣本數和特殊性，而這個圖表很有趣，用X軸為時候；Y軸為情緒積累，各種色彩的線各代表星期，
翻可以看到天天正面情感和負面情感隨著時候而不同，這個記者並找了另外一位學者Hasler來評論他們所寫的報告，看完全篇報導只能說，這研究類的文章其實沒重點到不行，明明這張圖表就很是有趣，竟然整篇文章也只有提到“正面感觸感染在早晨到達高峰，然後從工作起頭下降又起頭上升到一天結束前；而負面感觸感染累積整周工作日然後到周五下晝消弭很多。”，我本身來解讀如下： “Twitter and Facebook, market transactions on eBay and Amazon: This is the stuff of everyday life” for much of the world, said Golder. “For a social scientist to have access to these records is a fantastic new opportunity.”
- 上班日的負面情緒在過了淩晨六點後維持均衡但隨著越晚越多，非上班日負面情感的情緒波動低的比上班日低，高的也比上班日高（真是劇烈的週末）。
140種的角色格局也有可能誤導，減化形容詞的利用方式會給推供更多奧妙的情感唆使， Hasler說道翻譯
An analysis of mood patterns distilled from half a billion tweets has produced a civilization-scale picture of how moods rise and fall in tandem, over time and across the world.
- 固然周六傍晚是正面情感的最高的時候，但同時也是負面情感最高的時刻（這一點很有趣，我想或許是沒有行程的人在電腦前發出的怨念吧）。
However, said Hasler, “One must be very careful in extrapolating emotional state from a highly specific form of communication like Twitter.” People often present themselves strategically, and periods of especially intense emotion might be over- or under-represented.
本文引用自: http://blog.sina.com.tw/759/article.php?entryid=614864有關各國語文翻譯公證的問題歡迎諮詢華碩翻譯公司02-23690932
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